If you’re a high school student planning to apply to universities, especially in a different country, you may need to take an English language test. This might sound intimidating, but it’s an important step to show that you’re ready for university-level classes. Let’s look at what these tests are, why they’re important, and how to get ready for them.

What is English Language Testing?

English language tests are standardized exams that check how well you can read, write, speak, and listen in English. These tests help universities see how strong your English skills are in a consistent and fair way, more so than teacher recommendations or non-standardized courses.

Types of English Language Tests

There are a few common English language tests, including:

• IELTS (International English Language Testing System): Common in the UK.
• TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language): Popular in North America.
• Duolingo English Test: A newer, more convenient, and affordable option.

Most universities accept scores from any of these tests, though some might prefer one over another. Always make sure to check the university websites to ensure they will accept the test you have done/want to take.

What Do These Tests Measure?

All of these tests generally measure similar components of English proficiency:

• Reading: How well you understand written English, like articles or essays.
• Writing: How well you can express your ideas in writing, often through essays.
• Speaking: How clearly you can speak English, usually through an interview or recorded response.
• Listening: How well you understand spoken English in conversations or lectures.

Who Needs to Take an English Language Test?

You might need to take an English language test if:

• You’ve been in full-time English education for less than four years by the time you graduate high school.
• Your final English courses are for EAL (English as an Additional Language) students, like IB English B.
• Your English grades, or your grades in general, aren’t very strong.
• You want to show off your English skills, especially if you have a passport from a non-English-speaking country, but are fluent in English.

There are also some unique situations in which you may have to take English language testing. For example, Korean students who have been outside of Korea for more than 12 years will be asked to complete testing, because Korean universities want them to have very strong English skills. Sometimes students will also be asked to take testing if they have a passport from a non-English-speaking country, regardless of their ability or grades.

Universities use these tests to make sure students have the English skills needed to succeed in their programs.

When Should I Take the Test?

The results from this kind of testing are only valid for two years, so it’s important to choose the right time to take them. It’s a good idea to start testing at least a semester before your application deadlines. For example, if your applications are due in November of your Grade 12 year, begin testing in April of Grade 11. This gives you time to retake the test if needed.

What if I Can’t Take the Test?

If you can’t take the test due to cost, time, or other reasons, you may be able to prove your English proficiency in other ways:

• A strong letter of recommendation from your most recent English teacher.
• High exam results from an externally graded English course, like IB or A Levels.
• High scores on standardized tests like the SAT or ACT.

Check university websites for other specific ways to prove your English proficiency.

Understand Your Options

English language testing is an important part of the university application process for many students. By planning ahead and understanding your options, you can make sure your English skills won’t hold you back.